4/20/2023 0 Comments Hedonic glands![]() Transmission electron microscope investigations of the serous (poison) skin glands in the New World tree frogs Osteopilus septentrionalis and Phrynohyas venulosa revealed that they produce granules with closely similar substructures, namely, a dense cortex and pale medulla. biligonigerus and stress the view that poisons produced by congeneric species share similar (or identical) ultrastructural features. albonotatus fit previous findings from P. These different maturational paths expressed during poison manufacturing in the two species agree with the polyphyletic origin of the family Leptodactylidae. chaquensis, serous maturation involves gradual condensation, and opaque, somewhat “vacuolized” granules are formed. albonotatus, the dense product released from the dictyosomes acquires a thick repeating substructure, which, however, becomes looser in the inner portion of the syncytium. However, several differences are obvious during the maturational processes that lead post-Golgian products to their ultimate ultrastructural traits. ![]() ![]() At the ultrastructural level, early steps of poison production are also similar and fit the usual path of proteosynthesis, involving rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and Golgi stacks (dictyosomes) in the peripheral syncytial cytoplasm. Glands in the two species share structural traits common in anurans, including the peripheral contractile sheath (myoepithelium) and the syncytial secretory unit that produces, stores, and modifies the poison. Serous (poison) cutaneous glands of the leptodactylid species Physalaemus albonotatus and Leptodactylus chaquensis were compared using light and transmission electron microscopy. The morphology and possible function of the specialized mucous glands in the three species of Rana are compared with the breeding glands of other frogs and with the hedonic glands of some urodeles (Salamandridae and Plethodontidae), which are known to produce pheromonal substances during courtship. Chemosignals released by sexually dimorphic mucous units may replace vocal communication during the breeding season and so play an important role in female attraction and/or territorial announcement. The possible adaptive role of the specialized mucous glands is discussed in light of the absence of vocal sacs in males of R. Specialized mucous glands are absent in both sexes of R. The latter is recognizable by the peculiar morphology of the epithelial cells and some characteristics of the secretory product. Besides the ordinary mucous units, which are randomly distributed over the body surface in both males and females, a further population of mucous glands was observed on the male dorsal skin. Two different types of mucous glands occur in R. perezi), giving particular attention to the mucous secretory units. ![]() Olfactometer - An olfactometer is an instrument typically used to detect and measure ambient odor dilution.A structural and ultrastructural study was carried out on the cutaneous glands in some species of Rana (R. Medial forebrain bundle - Brain: Medial forebrain bundle Latin fasciculus medialis telencephali NeuroNames hier 416 MeSH Medial+Forebrain+Bundle … Wikipedia : one of several glands believed to have hedonic function in many caudate… … Useful english dictionaryĭopamine - For other uses, see Dopamine (disambiguation). : one of the glands producing foul smelling defensive secretions in certain snakes b. Ancient philosophers called the human senses “the windows of the soul,” and Aristotle described at least five senses sight, hearing, smell, taste, and… … UniversaliumĬloacal gland - noun : any of several glands located in the cloaca of lower vertebrates: as a. Sensory reception, human - Introduction means by which humans react to changes in external and internal environments. Hedonic gland - noun : any of several glands of various salamanders and reptiles that produce a secretion believed to function in sexual attraction and stimulation … Useful english dictionary Hedonic glands - glands in certain animals that function during the season of sexual activity.
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